Fill in the Blanks
1. The normal range of operation is indicated by a ____________ (what color) arc on most instruments.
2. If the instrument markings are on the cover glass of an instrument a ____________ (what color) index mark is required.
3. Fuel pressure gauges are usually calibrated in ____________.
4. Low oil pressure or fluctuating readings on the oil pressure gauge is often a sign of ____________.
5. To eliminate a hydraulic lock, remove one of the ____________ from each of the lower cylinders and pull the engine through in the direction of rotation.
6. ____________ occurs when the contents of the intake manifold or induction system ignite prior to entering the cylinders.
7. An overly rich mixture that continues to burn in the exhaust system is referred to as ____________.
8. The two basic types of compression tests used on reciprocating engines are ____________ and
____________.
9. The ____________ compression test checks compression by measuring air leakage in the cylinders.
10. The regulator of the differential compression tester should be adjusted to allow ____________ psi of compressed air to enter the cylinder.
11. When performing a differential compression test, the cylinder being tested must be on the ____________ stroke with the piston at top dead center.
12. For best results , a differential compression test should be performed after the piston rings and cylinder walls have been freshly ____________.
13. Air leaking past the ____________ valve during a differential compression test is indicated by a hissing sound heard at the carburetor inlet.
14. A hissing sound heard at the crankcase breather will indicate air leaking past the ____________.
15. The very rapid (in less than one revolution) and complete stoppage of an engine is known as
____________.
16. The regular use of ____________ provides an operator with a record of metals present in the used engine oil.
17. Engine mount bolts that are to be reused are generally checked using ____________ inspection.
18. With a ____________ engine mount, the mounting points are turned inward so they point toward the engine's center of gravity.
19. The reconditioning of the cylinder, piston, and valve operating mechanism is known as a ____________ overhaul.
20. The complete reconditioning of a powerplant is known as a ____________ overhaul.
21. Hard carbon may be removed by soaking the engine parts in a ____________ solution.
22. Most engine parts should be tested using both ____________ and ____________ magnetization.
23. The time that penetrant is allowed to stay on a part is called the ____________ time.
24. The two sets of limits that appear in a manufacturer's Table of Limits are ____________ and
____________.
25. ____________ and ____________ measurements should be made when installing new piston rings on the piston.
26. All measurements involving cylinder barrels should be taken at a minimum of two positions ____________ degrees apart.
27. Crankshafts are checked for straightness by placing them in vee-blocks and using a ____________ indicator.
28. A .003 oversize stud will be identified by the prefix P003 after the part number and ____________ (what color) paint on the stud.
29. When the valve face is ground between 1 and 1-1/2 degrees flatter than the valve seat it is referred to as an ____________ fit.
30. Valves which have been ground so there is no margin left are said to have a ____________ edge.
True or False
1. Red color is used to identify the mixture control. (True/False)
2. A yellow arc on an engine instrument indicates a precautionary range. (True/False)
3. Manifold pressure gauges measure the gauge pressure inside the intake manifold. (True/False)
4. Engine oil pressure should be indicated within 30 seconds after start-up of an aircraft engine. (True/False)
5. When starting a reciprocating engine, the carburetor heat control should be in the hot position. (True/False)
6. During a ground check or runup, the aircraft should be headed away from the wind. (True/False)
7. When performing a power check on an engine with a variable-pitch propeller, the propeller should be in the low pitch setting. (True/False)
8. During an idle mixture check if, when the mixture control is moved to the idle-cutoff position, the engine speed does not increase or drops immediately it indicates that the idle mixture is too rich. (True/False)
9. A reciprocating engine is stopped by placing the mixture control in the full rich position. (True/False)
10. An air leak at the cylinder end of an intake pipe will result in a lean mixture within that cylinder. (True/False)
11. Efficient engine troubleshooting is based on a systematic analysis of what is happening. (True/False)
12. Engines equipped with hydraulic lifters must have the valve clearances checked and adjusted periodically. (True/False)
13. When valve clearance is less than it should be, valve overlap is lengthened. (True/False)
14 . A compression value of approximately 1.15 psi lower than the other cylinders indicates a cylinder leak that must be repaired. (True/False)
15. When valve clearance is insufficient, the valve will open late and close early. (True/False)
Knowledge Application Questions
1. What publication is used to check an engine for normal operation?
2. A weak cylinder is found during a compression check. What must be inspected'?
3. How do you identify the engine serial number?
4. Prior to returning a reciprocating engine to service after a 100-hour inspection, what operational checks must be performed?
5. What purpose does an oil analysis serve?
6. What inspection should be performed on an engine that has been in storage?
7. Why are hot section inspections performed on turbine engines?
8. What inspections must be performed on a turbine engine if the exhaust gas temperature exceeds limitations?
9. Where are life-limited parts of an engine listed?
10. What criteria determines the replacement of life limited turbine engine components?
Multiple Choices Questions
1. (Refer to Figure 1.) Determine which portion of the AD is applicable for Model O-690 series engine, serial No. 5863-40 with 283 hours’ time in service.
a. (B), (1).
b. (A).
c. (B), (2).
ANSWERS
REFERENCES
1. The normal range of operation is indicated by a ____________ (what color) arc on most instruments.
2. If the instrument markings are on the cover glass of an instrument a ____________ (what color) index mark is required.
3. Fuel pressure gauges are usually calibrated in ____________.
4. Low oil pressure or fluctuating readings on the oil pressure gauge is often a sign of ____________.
5. To eliminate a hydraulic lock, remove one of the ____________ from each of the lower cylinders and pull the engine through in the direction of rotation.
6. ____________ occurs when the contents of the intake manifold or induction system ignite prior to entering the cylinders.
7. An overly rich mixture that continues to burn in the exhaust system is referred to as ____________.
8. The two basic types of compression tests used on reciprocating engines are ____________ and
____________.
9. The ____________ compression test checks compression by measuring air leakage in the cylinders.
10. The regulator of the differential compression tester should be adjusted to allow ____________ psi of compressed air to enter the cylinder.
11. When performing a differential compression test, the cylinder being tested must be on the ____________ stroke with the piston at top dead center.
12. For best results , a differential compression test should be performed after the piston rings and cylinder walls have been freshly ____________.
13. Air leaking past the ____________ valve during a differential compression test is indicated by a hissing sound heard at the carburetor inlet.
14. A hissing sound heard at the crankcase breather will indicate air leaking past the ____________.
15. The very rapid (in less than one revolution) and complete stoppage of an engine is known as
____________.
16. The regular use of ____________ provides an operator with a record of metals present in the used engine oil.
17. Engine mount bolts that are to be reused are generally checked using ____________ inspection.
18. With a ____________ engine mount, the mounting points are turned inward so they point toward the engine's center of gravity.
19. The reconditioning of the cylinder, piston, and valve operating mechanism is known as a ____________ overhaul.
20. The complete reconditioning of a powerplant is known as a ____________ overhaul.
21. Hard carbon may be removed by soaking the engine parts in a ____________ solution.
22. Most engine parts should be tested using both ____________ and ____________ magnetization.
23. The time that penetrant is allowed to stay on a part is called the ____________ time.
24. The two sets of limits that appear in a manufacturer's Table of Limits are ____________ and
____________.
25. ____________ and ____________ measurements should be made when installing new piston rings on the piston.
26. All measurements involving cylinder barrels should be taken at a minimum of two positions ____________ degrees apart.
27. Crankshafts are checked for straightness by placing them in vee-blocks and using a ____________ indicator.
28. A .003 oversize stud will be identified by the prefix P003 after the part number and ____________ (what color) paint on the stud.
29. When the valve face is ground between 1 and 1-1/2 degrees flatter than the valve seat it is referred to as an ____________ fit.
30. Valves which have been ground so there is no margin left are said to have a ____________ edge.
True or False
1. Red color is used to identify the mixture control. (True/False)
2. A yellow arc on an engine instrument indicates a precautionary range. (True/False)
3. Manifold pressure gauges measure the gauge pressure inside the intake manifold. (True/False)
4. Engine oil pressure should be indicated within 30 seconds after start-up of an aircraft engine. (True/False)
5. When starting a reciprocating engine, the carburetor heat control should be in the hot position. (True/False)
6. During a ground check or runup, the aircraft should be headed away from the wind. (True/False)
7. When performing a power check on an engine with a variable-pitch propeller, the propeller should be in the low pitch setting. (True/False)
8. During an idle mixture check if, when the mixture control is moved to the idle-cutoff position, the engine speed does not increase or drops immediately it indicates that the idle mixture is too rich. (True/False)
9. A reciprocating engine is stopped by placing the mixture control in the full rich position. (True/False)
10. An air leak at the cylinder end of an intake pipe will result in a lean mixture within that cylinder. (True/False)
11. Efficient engine troubleshooting is based on a systematic analysis of what is happening. (True/False)
12. Engines equipped with hydraulic lifters must have the valve clearances checked and adjusted periodically. (True/False)
13. When valve clearance is less than it should be, valve overlap is lengthened. (True/False)
14 . A compression value of approximately 1.15 psi lower than the other cylinders indicates a cylinder leak that must be repaired. (True/False)
15. When valve clearance is insufficient, the valve will open late and close early. (True/False)
Knowledge Application Questions
1. What publication is used to check an engine for normal operation?
2. A weak cylinder is found during a compression check. What must be inspected'?
3. How do you identify the engine serial number?
4. Prior to returning a reciprocating engine to service after a 100-hour inspection, what operational checks must be performed?
5. What purpose does an oil analysis serve?
6. What inspection should be performed on an engine that has been in storage?
7. Why are hot section inspections performed on turbine engines?
8. What inspections must be performed on a turbine engine if the exhaust gas temperature exceeds limitations?
9. Where are life-limited parts of an engine listed?
10. What criteria determines the replacement of life limited turbine engine components?
Multiple Choices Questions
1. (Refer to Figure 1.) Determine which portion of the AD is applicable for Model O-690 series engine, serial No. 5863-40 with 283 hours’ time in service.
a. (B), (1).
b. (A).
c. (B), (2).
 |
| Figure 1 |
2. A Cessna 180 aircraft has a McCauley propeller Model No. 2A34C50/90A. The propeller is severely damaged in a ground accident, and this model propeller is not available for replacement. Which of the following should be used to find an approved alternate replacement?
a. Summary of Supplemental Type Certificates.
b. Aircraft Specifications/Type Certificate Data Sheets.
c. Aircraft Engine and Propeller Specifications/Type Certificate Data Sheets.
3. Which of the following is used to monitor the mechanical integrity of the turbines, as well as to check engine operating conditions of a turbine engine?
a. Engine oil pressure.
b. Exhaust gas temperature.
c. Engine pressure ratio.
4. On a reciprocating engine aircraft using a shrouded exhaust muffler system as a source for cabin heat, the exhaust system should be
a. visually inspected for any indication of cracks or an operational carbon monoxide detection test should be done.
b. replaced at each reciprocating engine overhaul by a new or overhauled exhaust system or an hydrostatic test should be accomplished.
c. removed and the exhaust muffler checked for cracks by using magnetic particle inspection method or an hydrostatic test should be done on the exhaust muffler.
5. 1) Airworthiness Directives are Federal Aviation Regulations and must be complied with unless specific exemption is granted.
(2) Airworthiness Directives of an emergency nature may require immediate compliance upon receipt.
Regarding the above statements,
a. only No. 1 is true.
b. only No. 2 is true.
c. both No. 1 and No. 2 are true.
6. Which of the following contains a minimum checklist for 100-hour inspections of engines?
a. 14 CFR Part 33 Appendix A.
b. 14 CFR Part 43 Appendix D.
c. Engine Specifications or Type Certificate Data Sheets.
7. When must an Airworthiness Directive (AD) be complied with after it becomes effective?
a. As specified in the AD.
b. During the next scheduled inspection.
c. At the next scheduled overhaul.
8. Which of the following contains a table that lists the engines to which a given propeller is adaptable?
a. Aircraft Type Certificate Data Sheets.
b. Propeller Type Certificate Data Sheets.
c. Engine Type Certificate Data Sheets.
9. Which of the following component inspections is to be accomplished on a 100-hour inspection?
a. Check internal timing of magneto.
b. Check cylinder compression.
c. Check valve timing.
10. You are performing a 100-hour inspection on an R985-22 aircraft engine. What does the “985” indicate?
a. The total piston displacement of the engine.
b. The pistons will pump a maximum of 985 cubic inches of air per crankshaft revolution.
c. The total piston displacement of one cylinder.
11. Where would one find type design information for an R1830-92 engine certificated under the Civil Air Regulations (CAR) and installed on a DC-3?
a. The Aircraft Specifications and Type Certificate Data Sheet.
b. The Aircraft Engine Specifications.
c. The Aircraft Engine Type Certificate Handbook.
12. Straightening nitrided crankshafts is
a. recommended.
b. not recommended.
c. approved by the manufacturer.
13. The breaking loose of small pieces of metal from coated surfaces, usually caused by defective plating or excessive loads, is called
a. flaking.
b. chafing.
c. brinelling.
14. Each powerplant installed on an airplane with a Standard Airworthiness Certificate must have been
a. type certificated.
b. manufactured under the TSO system.
c. originally certificated for that aircraft.
15. A severe condition of chafing or fretting in which a transfer of metal from one part to another occurs is called
a. scoring.
b. burning.
c. galling.
16. Indentations on bearing races caused by high static loads are known as
a. fretting.
b. brinelling.
c. galling.
17. When inspecting an aircraft reciprocating engine what document is used to determine if the proper magnetos are installed?
a. Instruction for continued airworthiness issued by the engine manufacturer.
b. Engine Manufacturer’s Maintenance Manual.
c. Aircraft Engine Specifications or Type Certificate Data Sheets.
18. Which of the following can inspect and approve an engine major repair for return to service?
a. Certificated mechanic with airframe and powerplant ratings.
b. Certificated mechanic with a powerplant rating.
c. Certificated mechanic with inspection authorization.
19. What publication is used for guidance to determine whether a powerplant repair is major or minor?
a. Airworthiness Directives.
b. 14 CFR Part 43.
c. Aircraft owner’s manual.
20. The airworthiness standards for the issue of type certificates for small airplanes with nine or less passenger seats in the normal, utility, and acrobatic categories may be found in the
a. Federal Aviation Regulations, Part 23.
b. Supplemental Type Certificate.
c. Federal Aviation Regulations, Part 21.
a. Summary of Supplemental Type Certificates.
b. Aircraft Specifications/Type Certificate Data Sheets.
c. Aircraft Engine and Propeller Specifications/Type Certificate Data Sheets.
3. Which of the following is used to monitor the mechanical integrity of the turbines, as well as to check engine operating conditions of a turbine engine?
a. Engine oil pressure.
b. Exhaust gas temperature.
c. Engine pressure ratio.
4. On a reciprocating engine aircraft using a shrouded exhaust muffler system as a source for cabin heat, the exhaust system should be
a. visually inspected for any indication of cracks or an operational carbon monoxide detection test should be done.
b. replaced at each reciprocating engine overhaul by a new or overhauled exhaust system or an hydrostatic test should be accomplished.
c. removed and the exhaust muffler checked for cracks by using magnetic particle inspection method or an hydrostatic test should be done on the exhaust muffler.
5. 1) Airworthiness Directives are Federal Aviation Regulations and must be complied with unless specific exemption is granted.
(2) Airworthiness Directives of an emergency nature may require immediate compliance upon receipt.
Regarding the above statements,
a. only No. 1 is true.
b. only No. 2 is true.
c. both No. 1 and No. 2 are true.
6. Which of the following contains a minimum checklist for 100-hour inspections of engines?
a. 14 CFR Part 33 Appendix A.
b. 14 CFR Part 43 Appendix D.
c. Engine Specifications or Type Certificate Data Sheets.
7. When must an Airworthiness Directive (AD) be complied with after it becomes effective?
a. As specified in the AD.
b. During the next scheduled inspection.
c. At the next scheduled overhaul.
8. Which of the following contains a table that lists the engines to which a given propeller is adaptable?
a. Aircraft Type Certificate Data Sheets.
b. Propeller Type Certificate Data Sheets.
c. Engine Type Certificate Data Sheets.
9. Which of the following component inspections is to be accomplished on a 100-hour inspection?
a. Check internal timing of magneto.
b. Check cylinder compression.
c. Check valve timing.
10. You are performing a 100-hour inspection on an R985-22 aircraft engine. What does the “985” indicate?
a. The total piston displacement of the engine.
b. The pistons will pump a maximum of 985 cubic inches of air per crankshaft revolution.
c. The total piston displacement of one cylinder.
11. Where would one find type design information for an R1830-92 engine certificated under the Civil Air Regulations (CAR) and installed on a DC-3?
a. The Aircraft Specifications and Type Certificate Data Sheet.
b. The Aircraft Engine Specifications.
c. The Aircraft Engine Type Certificate Handbook.
12. Straightening nitrided crankshafts is
a. recommended.
b. not recommended.
c. approved by the manufacturer.
13. The breaking loose of small pieces of metal from coated surfaces, usually caused by defective plating or excessive loads, is called
a. flaking.
b. chafing.
c. brinelling.
14. Each powerplant installed on an airplane with a Standard Airworthiness Certificate must have been
a. type certificated.
b. manufactured under the TSO system.
c. originally certificated for that aircraft.
15. A severe condition of chafing or fretting in which a transfer of metal from one part to another occurs is called
a. scoring.
b. burning.
c. galling.
16. Indentations on bearing races caused by high static loads are known as
a. fretting.
b. brinelling.
c. galling.
17. When inspecting an aircraft reciprocating engine what document is used to determine if the proper magnetos are installed?
a. Instruction for continued airworthiness issued by the engine manufacturer.
b. Engine Manufacturer’s Maintenance Manual.
c. Aircraft Engine Specifications or Type Certificate Data Sheets.
18. Which of the following can inspect and approve an engine major repair for return to service?
a. Certificated mechanic with airframe and powerplant ratings.
b. Certificated mechanic with a powerplant rating.
c. Certificated mechanic with inspection authorization.
19. What publication is used for guidance to determine whether a powerplant repair is major or minor?
a. Airworthiness Directives.
b. 14 CFR Part 43.
c. Aircraft owner’s manual.
20. The airworthiness standards for the issue of type certificates for small airplanes with nine or less passenger seats in the normal, utility, and acrobatic categories may be found in the
a. Federal Aviation Regulations, Part 23.
b. Supplemental Type Certificate.
c. Federal Aviation Regulations, Part 21.
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ANSWERS
REFERENCES